THE REMEDIAL HERSTORY PROJECT
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    • Season 1 >
      • Episodes 1-10 >
        • S1E1 Our Story
        • S1E2 His Story Her Story
        • S1E3 Heroes and Sheroes
        • S1E4 Herstory's Complicated Suffrage
        • S1E5 His Sphere Her Sphere
        • S1E6 Fast Girls and 1936 Olympics
        • S1E7 Standards and Her Voice
        • S1E8 Rape and Civil Rights
        • S1E9 Textbooks and Crossdressing Spies
        • S1E10 It's not about feminism
      • Episodes 11-20 >
        • S1E11 Equal Pay and Ida Tarbell
        • S1E12 Equal Rights Amendment
        • S1E13 Culture Wars and the Frontier PART 1
        • S1E14 Culture Wars and the Frontier PART 2
        • S1E15 Women's Historians and Primary Sources
        • S1E16 Education and Nuns
        • S1E17 Blanks and Goddess Worship
        • S1E18 Thanksgiving and Other
        • S1E19 Feminist Pedagogy and the Triangle Fire
        • S1E20 Mrs. So and so, Peggy Eaton, and the Trail of Tears
      • Episodes 21-30 >
        • S1E21 First Ladies and Holiday Parties
        • S1E22 Sarah, Mary, and Virginity
        • S1E23 Hiding and Jackie O
        • S1E24 Well Behaved Women and Early Christianity
        • S1E25 Muslim Women and their History
        • S1E26 Written Out Alice Paul
        • S1E27 Blocked and Kamala Harris
        • S1E28 Clandestine Work and Virginia Hall
        • S1E29 Didn't Get There, Maggie Hassan and the Fabulous Five
        • S1E30 White Supremacy and the Black Panthers
      • Episodes 31-40 >
        • S1E31 Thematic Instruction and Indigenous Women
        • S1E32 Racism and Women in the Mexican American War
        • S1E33 Covid Crisis and Republican Motherhood
        • S1E34 Burned Records and Black Women's Clubs
        • S1E35 JSTOR and Reconstruction
        • S1E36 Somebody's Wife and Hawaiian Missionary Wives
        • S1E37 Taboo = Menstruation
        • S1E38 What's her name? Health, Religion and Mary Baker Eddy PART 1
        • S1E39 What's her name? Health, Religion and Mary Baker Eddy PART 1
        • S1E40 Controversial and Reproductive Justice PART 1
      • Episodes 41-50 >
        • S1E41 Controversial and Reproductive Justice PART 2
        • S1E42 Sexual Assault and the Founding of Rome
        • S1E43 Sexist Historians and Gudrid the Viking
        • S1E44 Byzantine Intersectionality
        • S1E45 Murder and Queens
        • S1E46 Hindu Goddesses and the Third Gender
        • S1E47 Women's Founding Documents
        • S1E48 Women and Bletchley Park
        • S1E49 Unknown Jewish Resistance Fighters
        • S1E50 End of Year ONE!
    • Season 2 >
      • Empresses, Monarchs, and Politicians >
        • S2E1 Let's Make HERSTORY!
        • S2E2 Empresses, Monarchs, and Politicians: How did women rise to power in the Ancient world? >
          • Women Explorers and Pioneers >
            • S2E29: Women Explorers and Pioneers: Who was the real Lady Lindy?
            • S2E30: What is the heroine's journey of women in the west? ​With Meredith Eliassen
            • S2E31: What is the lost history of the Statue of Freedom? with Katya Miller
            • S2E32: Why did women explore the White Mountains? With Dr. Marcia Schmidt Blaine
            • S2E33: How are native women telling their own stories? with Dr. Ferina King
        • S2E3 How did female sexuality lead to the rise and fall of Chinese empresses? with Dr. Cony Marquez
        • S2E4 How did medieval women rise and why were they erased? ​With Shelley Puhak
        • S2E5 Did English Queens Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn have agency? with Chloe Gardner
        • S2E6 Is Elizabeth a turning point in World History? with Deb Hunter
        • S2E7 How did Maria Theresa transform modern Europe? With Dr. Barbara Stollber-Rilinger
        • S2E8 Were Paul and Burns the turning point in women's suffrage? With Dr. Sidney Bland
        • S2E9 Were the First Ladies just wives? ​With the First Ladies Man
        • S2E10: How did ER use her position and influence to sway public opinion and influence politics? ​With Dr. Christy Regenhardt
        • S2E11: Why was women’s fight for low level offices needed? ​With Dr. Elizabeth Katz
        • S2E12 Should We Believe Anita Hill? With the Hashtag History Podcast
      • Women Social Reformers >
        • S2E13: Women in Social Reform: Should temperance have been intersectional?
        • S2E14: Why are material culture artifacts reshaping our understanding of women's history? With Dr. Amy Forss
        • S2E15: Did 19th institutionalizing and deinstitutionalizing healthcare make it safer? with Dr. Martha Libster
        • S2E16: Why are the interconnections between women and their social reform movements important? With Dr. DeAnna Beachley
        • S2E17: Did WWII really bring women into the workforce? ​With Dr. Dorothy Cobble
        • S2E18: How have unwell women been treated in healthcare? ​With Dr. Elinor Cleghorn
        • S2E19: How did MADD impact the culture of drunk driving?
      • Women and War >
        • S2E20: Women and War: How are Army Rangers still changing the game?
        • S2E21: Should we remember Augustus for his war on women? ​With Dr. Barry Strauss
        • S2E22: Were French women willing participants or collateral damage in imperialism? with Dr. Jack Gronau
        • S2E23: Was Joan of Arc a heretic? ​With Jacqui Nelson
        • S2E24: What changes did the upper class ladies of SC face as a result of the Civil War? with Annabelle Blevins Pifer
        • S2E25: Were Soviets more open to gender equality? ​With Jacqui Nelson
        • S2E26: Why Womanpower in the Women's Armed Services Integration Act of 1948? with Tanya Roth
        • S2E27: What role did women play in the Vietnam War? with Dr. Barbara Tischler
        • S2E28: Why were women drawn into the Anti-Vietnam Movement with Dr. Jessica Frazier
      • Women in World Religions >
        • S2E34: Women and World Religions: How did Confucianism’s enduring impact affect women in China?
        • S2E35: What precedent is there for female Islamic leaders? with Dr. Shahla Haeri
        • S2E36: Were Islamic Queens successful? with Dr. Shahla Haeri
        • S2E37: Is there space for female Islamic leaders today? with Dr. Shahla Haeri​
        • S2E38: Were Protestant women just wives and mothers? with Caroline Taylor
      • Women in Queer History >
        • S2E39: Queer Women in History: How did one woman legalize gay marriage?
        • S2E40: Was Title IX just about sports? with Sara Fitzgerald
        • S2E41: Was Hildegard de Bingen gay? with Lauren Cole
        • S2E42: What crimes were women accused of in the 17th and 18th Century? with Dr. Shannon Duffy
        • S2E43: How should we define female friendships in the 19th century? with Dr. Alison Efford
        • S2E44: Were gay bars a religious experience for gay people before Stonewall? with Dr. Marie Cartier
      • Women and Business >
        • S2E45: Women and Business: Do We still have far to go? With Ally Orr
        • S2E46: How did 16th century English women manage businesses? with Dr. Katherine Koh
        • S2E47: How did free women of color carve out space as entrepreneurs in Louisiana? with Dr. Evelyn Wilson
        • S2E48: Who were the NH women in the suffrage movement? with Elizabeth DuBrulle
        • S2E49: What gave Elizabeth Arden her business prowess? with Shelby Robert
        • S2E50: End of Year Two
        • BONUS DOBBS v. JACKSON WOMEN'S HEALTH
    • Season 3 >
      • S3E1: Mahsa "Jani" Amini and the Women of Iran
      • S3E2: Feminist Pedagogy
      • S3E3: Women-Centered Questions
      • S3E4: Sara Baartman
      • S3E5: Franco-Algerian War
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      • 11. The Rise of NAWSA and NACWC
      • 12. Women and Expansion
      • 13. Women and Industrialization
      • 14. Progressive Women
      • 15. Women and World War I
      • 16. Final Push for Woman Suffrage
      • 17. The New Woman
      • 18. Women and the Great Depression
      • 19. Women and World War II
      • 20. Post-War Women
      • 21. Women and the Civil Rights Movement
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      • 25. Modern Women
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Why do we need HERstory?

In brief

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​It sometimes surprises people to learn that secondary and collegiate history is not only dominated by the stories and accomplishments of men, but also primarily taught and researched by men. 58 percent of US social studies teachers are men and 65 percent of history professors are men. So while most of us while women represent 75% of all educators, it’s important to ask why men would have a stronghold on history?

​Additional relevant data:
​• 84 percent of US social studies teachers are white.
• 4 percent of history best sellers were written by women.
• Textbooks name men at 4 times the rate of women.
​

Men teaching history is not inherently problematic, except that only 6 percent of male historians write about women. If scholars are not writing about women it won’t trickle down to the teachers. 
Teachers teach what they know and most teachers are not taught women’s history…  HUGE names and topics are lost on practicing educators. The primary cause? Women’s history is not required to graduate with a history degree! Teachers who took mainstream routes to teacher certification never took women’s history. Often women’s history is offered as an elective or independent course: Women’s Studies or Gender Studies. What message does that send? That there is HISTORY, and then also women’s history? 
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Additional relevant data:
• Standards name men at 3 times the rate of women.
• 394 out of over 5 thousand outdoor statues in the US are of women.
• 9 out of 112 statues in the US Capitol are of women.

​
Studies have show that the effect of a lack of research and emphasis on women in collegiate history trickles down to teachers. 91% of teachers in Orange County Schools incorporate women’s voices in the curriculum, only 25% do it once a week or more, and 46% do it once a month or less (5% of available class time)! 

State standards and textbooks here are problematic. The National Women’s History Museum found that standards overemphasized women’s domestic role instead of acknowledging her contributions to every field. The NCSS Framework is largely skill centered and leaves the content up to the states, and since so few states have solid guidelines, this leaves an interesting grey area that can be exploited. 

Textbooks remain abysmal. Mary Kay Thompson Tetreault’s analysis of textbooks from her 1986 study titled, “Integrating Women's History: The Case of United States History High School Textbooks" is sadly not that outdated. It provides an outstanding framework for how to analyze a textbook and what texts should be including about women. She found that the textbooks in her time failed to acknowledge that women’s history has been omitted from the textbooks. There is no discussion on how the various points of emphasis in the public sphere have fundamentally and systematically excluded women. Students are not guided in any way to understanding that the exclusion of women is only half the story. The failure of the texts to include substantive information on the effect that race, ethnicity, and social class had on women’s experiences leaves and middle-class women as the norm and virtually excludes minority groups. Like history, women’s history was white washed. 

​Kay Chick did a more quantitative study of textbooks in 2006 and found that elementary school textbooks were more gender equal than textbooks geared for older students. She critiqued the American Historical Association. She said, “Since the American Historical Association has called for gender balance, they must be held accountable for defining it. If they are calling for a 50/50 split in the gender representations of historical figures, textbook publishers have yet to meet that goal.” The AHA updated their guidelines in 2018, but they remain non-specific, with no outline for an appropriate ratio.

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​The BIGGEST BARRIER to teaching women’s history is our own educations. Those of us who took mainstream routes to teacher certification never took women’s history. How are we supposed to teach it? If you examine where women’s history is taught, you learn that women’s history is a different subject entirely: Women’s Studies or Gender Studies. Although the skill set and learning objectives are the same, the subjects are taught separately. What message does that send? That there is HISTORY, and then also women’s history? Women’s Studies is predominantly taught by women to women, and men intentionally or unintentionally are often not in the room. So learning about women’s experience in history is something only women do. These enlightened women then find themselves alone in a world of people who only learned his-story. 

​If our own educations were problematic, the professional development offered to teachers is equally problematic. Social Studies and Science teachers are the least likely to receive professional development in their area of study—this should literally shock no one who following the state of our democracy and the climate crisis. Social studies has the least professional development dedicated to it because it is the “least important” as dictated by standardized testing and the new emphasis on STEM, and has no clear national content standards. It is in this laissez-faire tumult that women’s history is lost. It comes down to the wills of individual teachers, administrators, or even uneducated school boards to decide what is taught: a recipe ripe for failure. Women’s studies are bound to the social studies and the social studies are on the chopping block.

Integrating the stories of women is only half the battle. Girls also need to feel like they belong in history classrooms and that they could have a career in history in order to curb these trends. Study's continue to show that:
  • Boys speak up even when they are not called on. 
  • Co-ed groupings fail because boys have a tendency, both in the class and the workspace, to ignore girls’ contributions. 
  • Teachers give boys more attention in the classroom.
  • Teachers emphasize compliance in girls.
  • Schools reinforce traditional binary gendered expectations.
​
“The problems start with the students attracted to history. Over the past 20 years history has graduated some of the smallest proportions of female undergraduates of any field in higher education—well below all of the other humanities and social science disciplines outside of religious studies…The most troubling aspect of the trends in female student enrollment and graduation is the way history has plateaued at both the undergraduate and graduate level. If women continue to earn barely 40 percent of the degrees in history, that seems to set a rather hard ceiling for the representation of women among those employed in the discipline.” 
Robert B. Townsend, “WHAT THE DATA REVEALS ABOUT WOMEN HISTORIANS,” Perspectives on History

​To curb these data, inclusive, feminist pedagogies are needed.

Women are not an interest group: they are half of humanity! Women do not agree, they are diverse, and have been present throughout history. We need to QUESTION the history that we think we know. We all need to relearn history to include herstory. When you hear a story from the past that doesn’t include women, you have to literally break your brain and ask yourself wait where are the women? 

Be part of the solution.
  • Attend Professional Development
  • Learn Women's History

Barriers to women's history

Click on the barrier to explore the "breaker" and a path toward getting women into history class.
Emphasis on Male themes
Ask women-centered questions
Male domination in history
Diverse primary and secondary sources that include the voices of women and women's historians
Heroification and Sheroification
The inquiry model and the Eckert Test
Textbooks, standards, and teacher training
Revised tools and skills
The glass ceiling
Feminist Pedagogies
​Women's history is controversial
Trainings beyond academics, like sexual assault prevention trainings. 
Get Inclusive

Bibliography

  • American Historical Association. “Guidelines for the Preparation, Evaluation, and Selection of History Textbooks (2018).” American Historical Association. Last modified June 2018. https://www.historians.org/jobs-and-professional-development/statements-standards-and-guidelines-of-the-discipline/guidelines-for-the-preparation-evaluation-and-selection-of-history-textbooks. 
  • Beard, Mary. Women & Power: A Manifesto. Liveright Publishing Corporation: New York, NY, 2017.
  • Bechdel, Alison. "Bechdel Test Movie List." Last modified 2020. https://bechdeltest.com/.
  • Caiazza, Amy “Does Women's Representation in Elected Office Lead to Women-Friendly Policy? Analysis of State-Level Data, Women & Politics.” 26:1, 35-70, DOI: 10.1300/J014v26n01_03.
  • CDC. “Preventing Intimate Partner Violence.” Center for Disease Control. Last modified February 26, 2019. https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/intimatepartnerviolence/fastfact.html. 
  • CDC. “Preventing Sexual Violence.” Center for Disease Control. Last modified January 17, 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/sexualviolence/fastfact.html. 
  • CDC. “Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System.” Center for Disease Control. Last modified February 4, 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternal-mortality/pregnancy-mortality-surveillance-system.htm. 
  • Chick, Kay A. “Gender Balance in K-12 American History Textbooks.” Social Studies Research and Practice. no.1(3): 2006. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/fcc4/9f161fc48561e1ac1adef4a45c1775105811.pdf. 
  • Froese, Monica. “Maternity Leave in the United States: Facts You Need to Know.” Healthline. Parenthood. Last modified October 19, 2016. https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/united-states-maternity-leave-facts. 
  • Geiger, A.W. and Kim Parker. “For Women’s History Month, a look at gender gains – and gaps – in the U.S.” PEW Research Center. Last modified March 15, 2018, https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/03/15/for-womens-history-month-a-look-at-gender-gains-and-gaps-in-the-u-s/.
  • Guttmacher Institute. "Induced Abortion in the United States.” Guttmacher Institute. Last modified July, 2014. Retrieved from https://abortion.procon.org/. 
  • Hansen, Michael, Elizabeth Levesque, Jon Valant, and Diana Quintero. “The 2018 Brown Center Report on American Education: How Well are American Students Learning?” Brown Center on Education Policy at the Brookings Institute. Last modified 2018. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/2018-Brown-Center-Report-on-American-Education_FINAL1.pdf. 
  • Hartmann, Heidi, Ariane Hegewisch, Barbara Gault, Gina Chirillo, Jennifer Clark. “Five Ways to Win an Argument about the Gender Wage Gap (Updated 2019).” Institute for Women’s Policy Research. Last modified September 11, 2019. https://iwpr.org/publications/five-ways-to-win-an-argument-about-the-gender-wage-gap/. 
  • Hegewisch, Ariane and Adiam Tesfaselassie. 2019. “The Gender Wage Gap by Occupation 2018.” The Institute for Women’s Policy Research. Last modified April 2, 2019. https://iwpr.org/publications/gender-wage-gap-occupation-2018/.  
  • Hughes, Bettany. “Why Were Women Written Out Of History? An Interview With Bettany Hughes.” English Hertiage. Last modified February 29, 2016. http://blog.english-heritage.org.uk/women-written-history-interview-bettany-hughes/.
  • Kahn, Andrew and Rebecca Onion. “Is History Written About Men, by Men?” Slate. Last modified January 6, 2016. http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/history/2016/01/popular_history_why_are_so_many_history_books_about_men_by_men.html. 
  • Kalaidis, Jen. “Bring Back Social Studies: The amount of time public-school kids spend learning about government and civics is shrinking.” The Atlantic. Last modified September 23, 2013. https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2013/09/bring-back-social-studies/279891/. 
  • Lumen Learning, “Gender Differences in the Classroom,” Educational Psychology, N.D.,  https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-educationalpsychology/chapter/gender-differences-in-the-classroom/.
  • Maurer, Elizabeth L., Jeanette Patrick, Liesle M. Britto, and Henry Millar. “Where are the women? A Report on the Status of Women in the United States Social Studies Standards.” National Women’s History Museum. 2017. https://www.womenshistory.org/social-studies-standards. 
  • Marina Bassi & Mateo Diaz, Mercedes & Blumberg, Rae & Reynoso, Ana, Failing to notice? Uneven teachers’ attention to boys and girls in the classroom, IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 2018, 7. 10.1186/s40172-018-0069-4.  
  • Martin, Daisy, Saúl I. Maldonado, Jack Schneider, and Mark Smith “A Report on the State of History Education: State Policies and National Programs” Teaching History. Last modified September 2011. http://teachinghistory.org/system/files/teachinghistory_special_report_2011.pdf. 
  • McCormick, Theresa M. “Generating Effective Teaching through Primary Sources.” In Social Studies and Diversity Education, ed. Elizabeth Heilman. 90-100. New York: Routledge, 2010.
  • Meyer, Elizabeth J. “Sex, Gender, and Education Research: The Case for Transgender Studies in Education.” Educational Researcher 51, no. 5 (June 2022): 315–23, https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X211048870.
  • Murphy, Jocelyn Nichole. "The role of women in film: Supporting the men -- An analysis of how culture influences the changing discourse on gender representations in film." Journalism Undergraduate Honors Theses. 2015. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jouruht/. 
  • Nash, Gary B., Charlotte Crabtree, and Russ E. Dunn. History on Trial: Culture wars and the teaching of the past. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 1997.
  • Phelen. John. “Harvard Study: ‘Gender Wage Gap’ Explained Entirely by Work Choices of Men and Women: The ‘gender wage gap’ is as real as unicorns and has been killed more times than Michael Myers.” Foundation for Economic Education. December 10, 2018. https://fee.org/articles/harvard-study-gender-pay-gap-explained-entirely-by-work-choices-of-men-and-women/?gclid=CjwKCAjw26H3BRB2EiwAy32zhZKsF45zDh2P22RHSXgHrfc-hthCcA1Xh1hyUhN3A9XFwvx9XP6u6hoCXokQAvD_BwE. 
  • Scheiner-Fisher, Cicely, "The Inclusion Of Women's History In The Secondary Social Studies Classroom." Electronic Theses and Dissertations. University of Central Florida. 2013. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/2848 
  • Schochet, Leila. “The Child Care Crisis Is Keeping Women Out of the Workforce.” Center for American Progress. Last modified March 28, 2019. https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/early-childhood/reports/2019/03/28/467488/child-care-crisis-keeping-women-workforce/.
  • Semuels, Alana. “How Poor Single Moms Survive: Welfare reform has driven many low-income parents to depend more heavily on family and friends for food, childcare, and cash.” The Atlantic. Last modified December 1, 2015. https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2015/12/how-poor-single-moms-survive/418158/.
  • Tetreault, Mary Kay Thompson. "Integrating Women's History: The Case of United States History High School Textbooks." The History Teacher 19, no. 2 (1986): 211-62. Accessed July 16, 2020. doi:10.2307/493800.
  • UN Women. “Facts and Figures: Ending Violence Against Women.” UN Women. Last modified November 2019. https://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/ending-violence-against-women/facts-and-figures. 
  • UN Women. “Visualizing the data: Women’s representation in society.” UN Women. Last modified February 25, 2020. https://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/multimedia/2020/2/infographic-visualizing-the-data-womens-representation.
  • Walker, Tim. “Testing Obsession and the Disappearing Curriculum” NEA Today. Last modified September 9, 2014. http://neatoday.org/2014/09/02/the-testing-obsession-and-the-disappearing-curriculum-2/. 
  • White, Gillian B. “Why Daycare Workers Are So Poor, Even Though Daycare Costs So Much: They can't even afford child care for their own kids.” The Atlantic. Last modified November 5, 2015. https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2015/11/childcare-workers-cant-afford-childcare/414496/. 
  • Yakimowski, Mary E. “Demographics Characteristics and Career Paths for Social Studies Teachers in Secondary Schools: A Review of Literature,” University of Connecticut. N.D. http://assessment.education.uconn.edu/assessment/assets/File/Revised%20Soc%20Stud%20ASEPS%20final%20draft.pdf. 
  • Zittleman, Karen and David Sadker. “Gender Bias in Teacher Education Texts: New (and Old) Lessons.” Journal of Teacher Education 53, no. 2 (March 2002): 168–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487102053002008.
Did we miss something? We welcome your feedback.
© The Remedial Herstory Project 2022
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    • Season 1 >
      • Episodes 1-10 >
        • S1E1 Our Story
        • S1E2 His Story Her Story
        • S1E3 Heroes and Sheroes
        • S1E4 Herstory's Complicated Suffrage
        • S1E5 His Sphere Her Sphere
        • S1E6 Fast Girls and 1936 Olympics
        • S1E7 Standards and Her Voice
        • S1E8 Rape and Civil Rights
        • S1E9 Textbooks and Crossdressing Spies
        • S1E10 It's not about feminism
      • Episodes 11-20 >
        • S1E11 Equal Pay and Ida Tarbell
        • S1E12 Equal Rights Amendment
        • S1E13 Culture Wars and the Frontier PART 1
        • S1E14 Culture Wars and the Frontier PART 2
        • S1E15 Women's Historians and Primary Sources
        • S1E16 Education and Nuns
        • S1E17 Blanks and Goddess Worship
        • S1E18 Thanksgiving and Other
        • S1E19 Feminist Pedagogy and the Triangle Fire
        • S1E20 Mrs. So and so, Peggy Eaton, and the Trail of Tears
      • Episodes 21-30 >
        • S1E21 First Ladies and Holiday Parties
        • S1E22 Sarah, Mary, and Virginity
        • S1E23 Hiding and Jackie O
        • S1E24 Well Behaved Women and Early Christianity
        • S1E25 Muslim Women and their History
        • S1E26 Written Out Alice Paul
        • S1E27 Blocked and Kamala Harris
        • S1E28 Clandestine Work and Virginia Hall
        • S1E29 Didn't Get There, Maggie Hassan and the Fabulous Five
        • S1E30 White Supremacy and the Black Panthers
      • Episodes 31-40 >
        • S1E31 Thematic Instruction and Indigenous Women
        • S1E32 Racism and Women in the Mexican American War
        • S1E33 Covid Crisis and Republican Motherhood
        • S1E34 Burned Records and Black Women's Clubs
        • S1E35 JSTOR and Reconstruction
        • S1E36 Somebody's Wife and Hawaiian Missionary Wives
        • S1E37 Taboo = Menstruation
        • S1E38 What's her name? Health, Religion and Mary Baker Eddy PART 1
        • S1E39 What's her name? Health, Religion and Mary Baker Eddy PART 1
        • S1E40 Controversial and Reproductive Justice PART 1
      • Episodes 41-50 >
        • S1E41 Controversial and Reproductive Justice PART 2
        • S1E42 Sexual Assault and the Founding of Rome
        • S1E43 Sexist Historians and Gudrid the Viking
        • S1E44 Byzantine Intersectionality
        • S1E45 Murder and Queens
        • S1E46 Hindu Goddesses and the Third Gender
        • S1E47 Women's Founding Documents
        • S1E48 Women and Bletchley Park
        • S1E49 Unknown Jewish Resistance Fighters
        • S1E50 End of Year ONE!
    • Season 2 >
      • Empresses, Monarchs, and Politicians >
        • S2E1 Let's Make HERSTORY!
        • S2E2 Empresses, Monarchs, and Politicians: How did women rise to power in the Ancient world? >
          • Women Explorers and Pioneers >
            • S2E29: Women Explorers and Pioneers: Who was the real Lady Lindy?
            • S2E30: What is the heroine's journey of women in the west? ​With Meredith Eliassen
            • S2E31: What is the lost history of the Statue of Freedom? with Katya Miller
            • S2E32: Why did women explore the White Mountains? With Dr. Marcia Schmidt Blaine
            • S2E33: How are native women telling their own stories? with Dr. Ferina King
        • S2E3 How did female sexuality lead to the rise and fall of Chinese empresses? with Dr. Cony Marquez
        • S2E4 How did medieval women rise and why were they erased? ​With Shelley Puhak
        • S2E5 Did English Queens Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn have agency? with Chloe Gardner
        • S2E6 Is Elizabeth a turning point in World History? with Deb Hunter
        • S2E7 How did Maria Theresa transform modern Europe? With Dr. Barbara Stollber-Rilinger
        • S2E8 Were Paul and Burns the turning point in women's suffrage? With Dr. Sidney Bland
        • S2E9 Were the First Ladies just wives? ​With the First Ladies Man
        • S2E10: How did ER use her position and influence to sway public opinion and influence politics? ​With Dr. Christy Regenhardt
        • S2E11: Why was women’s fight for low level offices needed? ​With Dr. Elizabeth Katz
        • S2E12 Should We Believe Anita Hill? With the Hashtag History Podcast
      • Women Social Reformers >
        • S2E13: Women in Social Reform: Should temperance have been intersectional?
        • S2E14: Why are material culture artifacts reshaping our understanding of women's history? With Dr. Amy Forss
        • S2E15: Did 19th institutionalizing and deinstitutionalizing healthcare make it safer? with Dr. Martha Libster
        • S2E16: Why are the interconnections between women and their social reform movements important? With Dr. DeAnna Beachley
        • S2E17: Did WWII really bring women into the workforce? ​With Dr. Dorothy Cobble
        • S2E18: How have unwell women been treated in healthcare? ​With Dr. Elinor Cleghorn
        • S2E19: How did MADD impact the culture of drunk driving?
      • Women and War >
        • S2E20: Women and War: How are Army Rangers still changing the game?
        • S2E21: Should we remember Augustus for his war on women? ​With Dr. Barry Strauss
        • S2E22: Were French women willing participants or collateral damage in imperialism? with Dr. Jack Gronau
        • S2E23: Was Joan of Arc a heretic? ​With Jacqui Nelson
        • S2E24: What changes did the upper class ladies of SC face as a result of the Civil War? with Annabelle Blevins Pifer
        • S2E25: Were Soviets more open to gender equality? ​With Jacqui Nelson
        • S2E26: Why Womanpower in the Women's Armed Services Integration Act of 1948? with Tanya Roth
        • S2E27: What role did women play in the Vietnam War? with Dr. Barbara Tischler
        • S2E28: Why were women drawn into the Anti-Vietnam Movement with Dr. Jessica Frazier
      • Women in World Religions >
        • S2E34: Women and World Religions: How did Confucianism’s enduring impact affect women in China?
        • S2E35: What precedent is there for female Islamic leaders? with Dr. Shahla Haeri
        • S2E36: Were Islamic Queens successful? with Dr. Shahla Haeri
        • S2E37: Is there space for female Islamic leaders today? with Dr. Shahla Haeri​
        • S2E38: Were Protestant women just wives and mothers? with Caroline Taylor
      • Women in Queer History >
        • S2E39: Queer Women in History: How did one woman legalize gay marriage?
        • S2E40: Was Title IX just about sports? with Sara Fitzgerald
        • S2E41: Was Hildegard de Bingen gay? with Lauren Cole
        • S2E42: What crimes were women accused of in the 17th and 18th Century? with Dr. Shannon Duffy
        • S2E43: How should we define female friendships in the 19th century? with Dr. Alison Efford
        • S2E44: Were gay bars a religious experience for gay people before Stonewall? with Dr. Marie Cartier
      • Women and Business >
        • S2E45: Women and Business: Do We still have far to go? With Ally Orr
        • S2E46: How did 16th century English women manage businesses? with Dr. Katherine Koh
        • S2E47: How did free women of color carve out space as entrepreneurs in Louisiana? with Dr. Evelyn Wilson
        • S2E48: Who were the NH women in the suffrage movement? with Elizabeth DuBrulle
        • S2E49: What gave Elizabeth Arden her business prowess? with Shelby Robert
        • S2E50: End of Year Two
        • BONUS DOBBS v. JACKSON WOMEN'S HEALTH
    • Season 3 >
      • S3E1: Mahsa "Jani" Amini and the Women of Iran
      • S3E2: Feminist Pedagogy
      • S3E3: Women-Centered Questions
      • S3E4: Sara Baartman
      • S3E5: Franco-Algerian War
  • Shop
  • Learn
    • Learning Overview
    • World History >
      • 1. to 15,000 BCE Pre-History
      • 2. to 15,000 BCE Goddesses
      • 3. 10,000 BCE Agricultural Revolution
      • 4. 4,000-1,000 BCE City States
      • 5. 800-400 BCE Rome's Founding Myths
      • 6. 800-300 BCE Asian Philosophies
      • 7. 100 BCE - 100 CE Roman Empire
      • 8. 100 BCE - 100 CE Han Empire
      • 9. 0 CE Monotheism
      • 10. 100-500 Silk Roads
      • 11. 300-900 Age of Queens
      • 12. 700-1200 Islam
      • 13. 1000-1500 Feudalism
      • 14. 900-1200 Crusades
      • 15. 1200-1400 Mongols
      • 16. 1300-1500 Renaissance and Ottomans
      • 17. 1000-1600 New Worlds
      • 18. 1000-1600 Explorers
      • 19. 1450-1600 Reformation
      • 20. 1500-1600 Encounters
      • 21. 1500-1600 Slave Trade
      • 22. 1700-1850 Enlightenment
      • 23. 1600-1850 Asia
      • 24. 1850-1950 Industrial Revolution
      • 25. 1850-1950 Imperialism
      • 26. 1900-1950 World Wars
      • 27. 1950-1990 Decolonization
    • US History >
      • 1. Early North American Women
      • 2. Women's Cultural Encounters
      • 3. Women's Colonial Life
      • 4. American Revolution
      • 5. Republican Motherhood
      • 6. Women and the Trail of Tears
      • 7. Women in the Abolition Movement
      • 8. Women and the West
      • 9. Women in the Civil War
      • 10. Women and Reconstruction
      • 11. The Rise of NAWSA and NACWC
      • 12. Women and Expansion
      • 13. Women and Industrialization
      • 14. Progressive Women
      • 15. Women and World War I
      • 16. Final Push for Woman Suffrage
      • 17. The New Woman
      • 18. Women and the Great Depression
      • 19. Women and World War II
      • 20. Post-War Women
      • 21. Women and the Civil Rights Movement
      • 22. Women and the Cold War
      • 23. Reproductive Justice
      • 24. The Feminist Era
      • 25. Modern Women
  • Resources
    • OTD Calendar
    • Books
    • Movies >
      • World History Films
      • US History Films